The Prithvi-I is an Indian short-range ballistic missile with a range of km. It is the first in a lineage of indigenous land and sea-based missiles which includes the Prithvi-II, the ship-launched Dhanush, and the Prithvi Air Defense interceptor. Prithvi II class is also a single-stage liquid-fueled missile having a maximum warhead mounting capability of kg, but with an extended range of km mi. It was developed with the Indian Air Force being the primary user.
It was first test-fired on 27 January and the development stages were completed in This variant has been inducted into the army as well. In a test, the missile was launched with an extended range of km mi and had improved navigation due to an inertial navigation system. The missile features measures to deceive anti-ballistic missiles. Helina is guided by an infrared imaging seeker IIR operating in the lock-on before-launch mode and is considered to be one of the most-advanced anti-tank weapons of the world.
BraMos Cruise Missile. In , the Government of India signed an agreement with Russia to design, develop, manufacture and market a Supersonic Cruise Missile System which has been successfully accomplished in It is a super-sonic higher than the speed of sound , liquid-fuelled ramjet-powered cruise missile that can be launched from submarines, ships, aircraft or land. At speeds of Mach 2.
The missile was successfully test fired on 09 June for induction into the Indian Navy. A new version of the in-service, surface-to-surface supersonic cruise missile Brahmos was tested on 30 September The BrahMos missile provides Indian Air Force a much desired capability to strike from large stand-off ranges on any target at sea or on land with pinpoint accuracy by day or night and in all weather conditions.
India and Russia are reported to be preparing plans for a longer range version of the missile which could fly at up to Mach 5, or 6, km 3, miles per hour. While the BrahMos is currently surface and aircraft launched weapon, it is being tested for launch from a submarine also. Shaurya Missile. A Canister launched hypersonic highly supersonic i. The Shaurya missile is believed to be designed specifically to be fired from submarines. It has a range in between to km, and is capable of carrying a payload of one ton conventional or nuclear warhead.
It can fly at a very low altitude and prevent detection by anti-missile weapon systems. This is a domestically developed, short-range ballistic nuclear capable ballistic missile aimed to provide retaliatory nuclear strike capability to India. The K Sagarika, a solid-fueled two-stage SLBM capable of carrying a single kilogram warhead some sources claim that it can carry a 1,kilogram payload and has a maximum range of to kilometers.
It takes off like a regular supersonic missile when launched from a warship or a truck-based coastal battery.
Most of its flight in the air is covered at lower altitudes with two-way data link from the warship or an airborne submarine target detection system. It is also provided the exact location of the hostile submarine to correct its flight path midway.
When it approaches close to a submerged submarine, the missile ejects the torpedo system into the water and the torpedo will start moving towards its target to hit the submarine. K4 Missile. India successfully test fired the nuclear-capable ballistic missile launched from an underwater platform, with a range of km in February With this, India completed the nuclear triad available with only a few nations of having the capability of launching surface, air and underground nuclear-capable ballistic missiles.
Nirbhaya Missile. The nuclear-capable, solid fuel, missile can reportedly reach top speeds of 0. It can be launched from multiple platforms. This missile was test fired for the first time in March and is in the final stages of development. The missile is yet to be inducted into service. Astra Missile. Astra is the first indigenously developed, an all weather, beyond-visual-range, air-to-air missile of India.
The missile was successfully test fired from a Sukhoi Mk1 combat jet on 24 May It features mid-course inertial guidance with terminal active radar homing. Astra is designed to be capable of engaging targets at varying range and altitudes allowing for engagement of both short-range targets at a distance of 20 km and long-range targets up to a distance of 80 km.
Limited series production of Astra missiles began in Prahar Missile. It is a multi-missile launcher system with a range of km that will have the capability to fire six missiles from its multi-launcher system.
Prahar missile is a contemporary weapon system capable of carrying a number of different warheads, nuclear, high-explosives HE and sub-munitions. It is carried by the TATRA Transporter-Erector-Launcher vehicle, each of which can accommodate six missiles and is capable of engaging and successfully neutralising a wide range of targets in different directions. The Indian Army has successfully test-fired its surface-to-surface short-range tactical ballistic missile Prahaar from Chandipur, Odisha on 21 September It is believed that the missile has been designed and developed to replace the short-range Prithvi-1 weapon system.
The missile has a maximum speed of Mach 2 and its maximum range is estimated at around 70 kilometers an extended range version of the Barak 8 can reportedly intercept targets at a distance of up to kilometers.
LRSAM also features a multifunction active electronically scanned array naval radar system providing degree coverage. The medium-range surface-to-air missile MRSAM usually refers to the land-based variant of the Brarak-8 missile system.
Anti-Satellite Missile. On 27 March , Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the nation to announce that Mission Shakti, name attributed to the test was successful and the interceptor was able to strike a test satellite at a kilometre.
The HSTDV, based on hypersonic propulsion technologies will help India develop futuristic space assets like long-range missile systems and aerial platforms. The HSTDV is capable of powering missiles to attain a speed of around Mach 6 or six times the speed of sound because it uses a Scramjet technology as against Ramjet engine technology which is used on most missiles and can operate at supersonic speeds of up to Mach 3. Difference between Ballistic and Cruise Missiles.
A Ballistic missile follows a free-fall or ballistic trajectory to deliver one or multiple warheads at the target end. Ballistic missiles are primarily intended for use against ground targets. The missile is only briefly guided during the initial phase and most of its trajectory is unpowered and governed by gravity and air resistance. The initial phase is powered by either a liquid or solid fuel rocket and the flight of a ballistic missile includes three phases:.
Prithvi, Dhanush and the Agni are examples of ballistic missile held with India. Pakistan inventory has ballistic missiles such as Hatf, Ghauri and Shaheen. The cruise missiles are powered by more economical jet engines instead of rocket motors as in the case of ballistic missiles, which requires large amount of fuel, making the launch vehicles of ballistic missiles larger and easier to detect and intercept. The accuracy, and circular error probability of a Cruise missile is better than the Ballistic missile.
It is for this reason that the cruise missiles are used to attack high value targets at long ranges, like ships, command and communication centres, bridges and dams.
Cruise missiles are designed to deliver large warheads over long distances using ramjet engines with high accuracy. It is capable of travelling at supersonic or subsonic speeds, has inbuilt navigation system and fly at extremely low altitude trajectory to avoid detection. Nag: 3rd generation anti-tank missile. Akash: Medium range surface to air missile. Canister based launch system- serves as a container for transportation; a housing during storage aboard a vessel; provides operational flexibility.
A canister launch system can be either hot launch, where the missile ignites in the cell, or cold launch, where the missile is expelled by gas produced by a gas generator which is not part of the missile itself, and then the missile ignites.
Cold launch is safer than hot launch as the ejection system will eject the missile by itself even if there is a missile failure. In case of Agni V, it will be a cold launch. In case of hot launches the problem is the heat produced by the missile at the time of launch.
The hot launch is better for small missiles as the ejection part itself will be done by using missiles own engine. The fundamental characteristic of deploying MIRVs is its ability to deliver several warheads along separate trajectories, which confers it flexibility of multiple targeting.
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